palapala noi

ʻO ka resin PVC ka mea nui loa o ke kaula PVC, a ʻo kona ʻano ponoʻī he mana nui i ka mechanical a me nā pono uila o nā mea kelepona.

1 Mea hoʻokele o PVC

Ma keʻano laulā, ʻike ʻia ka conduction electron a me ka conduction ion i nā polymers, akā ʻokoʻa ke degere.ʻO ka ʻokoʻa nui ma waena o nā mīkini conductive ʻelua ʻo ka ʻokoʻa i nā mea lawe uku.I loko o nā polymers, ʻo ka wai lawe o ka mīkini hoʻokele electron ka electron manuahi nona ka electron paʻa π i wehe ʻia.ʻO ka mea lawe wai o ka ion conduction mechanical ka maʻamau a me nā ion maikaʻi ʻole.ʻO ka hapa nui o nā polymers e pili ana i ka conductivity uila he polymers conjugated, a ʻo ke kaulahao nui PVC ka mea nui i kahi loulou hoʻopaʻa hoʻokahi, ʻaʻohe ʻōnaehana conjugated, no laila e alakaʻi nui ia i ka uila e ka ion conduction.Eia nō naʻe, i mua o ke kukui o kēia manawa a me UV, e hoʻoneʻe ʻo PVC i ka HCl a hana i nā ʻāpana polyolefin unsaturated, no laila aia nā electrons π-hoʻopaʻa ʻia, hiki ke alakaʻi i ka hoʻokele uila.

2.2.1 paona mole

ʻO ka mana o ke kaumaha mole i ka conductivity o nā polymers e pili ana i ka mīkini conductive nui o nā polymers.No ka conductance electron, e hoʻonui ka conductivity no ka mea e piʻi ana ke kaumaha molecular a ua hoʻolōʻihi ʻia ke kahawai intramolecular o ka electron.Me ka emi ʻana o ke kaumaha molekala, piʻi ka neʻe ʻana o ka ion a piʻi ka conductivity.I ka manawa like, pili pū ka paona molekala i nā waiwai mechanical o nā huahana cable.ʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke kaumaha molekala o ka resin PVC, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o kona kūpaʻa anuanu, kūpaʻa wela a me ka ikaika mechanical.

2.2.2 Paʻa wela

ʻO ke kūpaʻa wela kekahi o nā mea kikoʻī a koʻikoʻi e loiloi i ka maikaʻi o ka resin.Hoʻopili pololei ia i ka ʻenehana hana o nā huahana o lalo a me nā waiwai o nā huahana.Me ka hoʻohana nui ʻana o nā mea kūkulu hale PVC, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ke koi no ka paʻa wela o ka resin PVC.ʻO ka ʻelemakule keʻokeʻo he mea nui ia e loiloi ai i ke kūpaʻa o ka resin, i mea e hoʻoholo ai i ke kūpaʻa wela o ka resin.

2.2.3 Maʻiʻo Ion

Ma keʻano laulā, hoʻokele ka PVC i ka uila ma o ka ion conduction, no laila he hopena koʻikoʻi nā ion i ka conduction.ʻO nā cation metala (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Al3+, Zn2+, Mg2+, etc.) i loko o ka polymer e pāʻani i ke kuleana alakaʻi, ʻoiai nā anion (Cl-, SO42-, etc.) he liʻiliʻi ka hopena i ka conductivity uila ma muli o ko lākou radius nui a me ka lohi o ka neʻe ʻana.ʻO ka ʻokoʻa, inā hiki i ka PVC ke hoʻoulu i ka hopena ʻaoʻao o ka dechlorination ma lalo o ka uila uila a me ka radiation UV, ua hoʻokuʻu ʻia ʻo Cl-, a laila ʻo ka anion ke kuleana nui.

2.2.4 Māmā ʻikea

ʻO ka ʻike a me ka ʻaila absorption o ka resin e pili ana i nā waiwai post-processing o ka resin, ʻoi aku ka nui o ka plasticization o ka resin, a pili pono ka plasticization i nā waiwai o nā huahana.Ma lalo o nā kūlana hoʻohālikelike like a me ka hoʻoponopono ʻana, loaʻa i ka resin ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me ka porosity haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, hiki ke hoʻololi i ka hoʻoili ʻana o nā mea conductive i loko o ka resin, e hopena i ka resistivity kiʻekiʻe o ka huahana.

2.2.5 ʻē aʻe

ʻO ka resin PVC i loko o ka "fisheye", nā ʻona haumia a me nā mea ʻē aʻe i ke kaʻina hana uwea e lilo i mea haumia e like me ka puʻupuʻu, no laila ʻaʻole maʻalahi ka ʻili o ke kaula, pili i ke ʻano o nā huahana, a me nā "knobs" a puni ka hoʻokumu ʻana o kekahi uila. awāwa, luku i ka PVC mea inherent insulation hana.

Ma lalo o nā kūlana like post-processing, ʻo ka ʻike kikoʻī, ka absorption plasticizer a me nā hōʻailona hana ʻē aʻe e pili pono i ka hopena o ka hoʻoponopono ʻana, a ʻo ke ʻano like ʻole o ka plasticization e alakaʻi i ka ʻokoʻa o ka hana huahana.

Eia kekahi, ua hōʻike nā haʻawina e hiki ke hoʻokomo i nā mea hoʻohui me nā hui hana ma hope o ka polyvinyl chloride polymerization, no ka laʻana, ma ka hopena o ka synthesis a ma mua o ka hoʻomaloʻo hope ʻana.He 1 ~ 30% ka wai o Poly me ka huina o 0.0002 ~ 0.001% polycarboxylic acid, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka nui resistivity o nā huahana.ʻO ka INTRODUCTION OF 0.1-2% phosphate ion i loaʻa i nā COMPOUNDS (alkyl hydrogen phosphate, ammonium oxyphosphate, C≤20 alkyl phosphate, organic phosphate) i loko o ka polyvinyl chloride hoʻokuʻu, a me ka hoʻohui ʻana o nā mea metala honua alkaline i loaʻa i ka 0.1-2%, no laila e e waiho iā lākou ma ka polymer, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka nui o ke kūpaʻa a me ka dielectric mau o ka resin.