Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia nā mea uea a me ke kaula i nā mea conductive, nā mea insulating, nā mea pale, nā mea pale, nā mea hoʻopiha a me nā mea e like me kā lākou hoʻohana ʻana i nā ʻāpana a me nā hana.Wahi a nā waiwai waiwai, hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia i metala (keleawe, aluminika, aluminika aluminika, kila), plastic (PVC, PE, PP, XLPE / XL-PVC, PU, ​​TPE / PO), rubber, etc. Akā kekahi ʻO kēia mau mea maʻamau i kekahi mau hale.ʻOi aku ka nui o nā mea thermoplastic, e like me ka polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, ʻoiai hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka hoʻololi ʻana o kahi ʻāpana o ke ʻano i ka insulation a i ʻole sheath.

A laila, hoʻolauna mākou i ka uea non-metala maʻamau a me nā mea maka

Hoʻokahi, polyvinyl chloride (PVC)

Hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ʻo PVC ma ke ʻano he insulation a me ka mea pale.ʻO PVC ma ke ʻano he uea a me ka hoʻokō ʻana i ke kaula: ʻaʻole maʻalahi ke puhi ʻana, ka pale ʻana i ka wā kahiko, ka pale ʻana i ka aila, ke kūʻē kemika, ka pale ʻana i ka hopena, ke kala maʻalahi;Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ka nui dielectric mau, hoʻohana wale ʻia ʻo ia ma ke ʻano he mea insulation o ke kaula haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me ke kaula mana.

ʻO ka PVC e like me ka uea a me ka uwea sheath hana: me ka maikaʻi ʻaʻahu kūpaʻa, kū'ē i ka aila, kaʻakika, alkali, bacteria, makū a me ka lā, a me ka lapalapa ahi hana i ka hana hoʻopau;Loaʻa i ka pale PVC ka liʻiliʻi o ka mahana hana o -40 ° C a me ka pale wela kiʻekiʻe o 105 ° C.

ʻElua, polyethylene (PE)

PE mau waiwai kino maʻamau: waxy keʻokeʻo, translucent, palupalu a paʻakikī, hiki ke kikoo iki, māmā ma mua o ka wai, non-toxic;ʻO nā hiʻohiʻona o ke ahi: hiki ke ʻā, mai ke ahi e hoʻomau i ka ʻaʻa ʻana, ʻo ka welau luna o ka lapalapa he melemele a ʻo ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa he uliuli, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wā e ʻā ai, hāʻawi i ke ʻala o ka paraffina kuni;ʻO ka pae hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o ka polyethylene he 132 ~ 1350C, ʻo ka mahana wela he 3400C, ʻo 3900C ka mahana wela.

Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka Polyethylene (PE) i LDPE, MDPE, HDPE, FMPE i kekahi mau ʻano.

1, LDPE: ʻO ka polyethylene haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa kekahi o ka polyethylene māmā loa, ʻike ʻia hoʻi he polyethylene haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻaʻole linear nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hale, he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa a me kahi palupalu, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi, elongation, insulation uila, transparency, a ikaika hopena kiʻekiʻe.ʻO ka polyethylene haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa ikaika mechanical, haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa wela a, ʻoi aku, ʻo kahi nāwaliwali ʻike ʻia ʻo ia ka pale ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi o ke kaiapuni.

2, MDPE: medium density polyethylene, i ʻike ʻia ʻo ka medium pressure polyethylene a me Philip polyethylene, kāna hana a me ke kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe polyethylene phase nuo, ʻaʻole hoʻohana hou ʻia ka hale hana, ʻaʻole kikoʻī ma aneʻi.

3, HDPE, polyethylene kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe me ka polyethylene haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻike ʻia hoʻi he polyethylene puʻe kiʻekiʻe, he hana maikaʻi loa ia, e like me ka hoʻomaikaʻi ʻana i ka wela a me ka ikaika mechanical, e like me ka lōʻihi tensile, ka ikaika kulou, ka ikaika compression a me ka ikaika shear), a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka wai a me nā waiwai pale kino, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūʻē ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi o ke kaiapuni.

4, FMPE: ʻO ka PE foamed ka mea hoʻohana nui loa, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka polyethylene foamed kemika, hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia kona mau dielectric i kahi 1.55.Inā ʻo ka ʻenehana hou o ka hoʻokomo ʻana i ka huʻa kino, ʻo ia hoʻi, i ka wā e hoʻokuʻu ʻia ai i ke kinoea inert (nitrogen a i ʻole ea) i loko o ka polyethylene foam molten, hiki ke loaʻa ka liʻiliʻi o nā ʻōpū mai ka polyethylene foam, hiki ke hoʻomalu ʻia ka degere foaming ma waena o 35-40 %, ʻoi aku ma mua o 40% Zhui, hiki ke hoʻemi ʻia kona mau dielectric i ka 1.20 a i ʻole, a no ka mea ʻaʻole hoʻohana i ka mea hoʻoheheʻe kemika, ʻaʻole i loaʻa i ka insulation ke koena mea hoʻāla, a hiki ke hoʻemi nui ʻia ka nalowale o ka dielectric, a hiki i ka ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻokuʻu ʻana i ka ea.

He maikaʻi loa ka polyethylene a hoʻohana nui ʻia i ka insulation cable communication.I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka ʻenehana a me ka hoʻokele waiwai o nā kaula kamaʻilio, hoʻohana maʻamau ka polyethylene foam.I mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka hana ʻana i ke koʻikoʻi o ke kaiapuni, me ka hoʻohana ʻana iā XPE, hiki ke koho i ka helu heheʻe o ka PE liʻiliʻi.ʻO ka mea maʻamau, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka paona molekala (ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka helu heheʻe), ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke koʻikoʻi o ke kaiapuni.Hiki i ka helu ho'ohehe'e ma lalo o 0.4 ke pale aku i ka pō'ai ko'iko'i kaiapuni.ʻO ka mānoanoa o 0.950, ka helu hoʻoheheʻe o ka ʻano liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi, ka mea kūʻokoʻa i ke koʻikoʻi o ke kaiapuni.Inā ʻoi aku ka nui o ka mānoanoa ma mua o 0.95, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ke kūʻē ʻana o ke kaiapuni, akā ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa me ka helu hoʻoheheʻe like.Eia nō naʻe, loaʻa pinepine ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana o HDPE i ke koʻikoʻi o loko, pono e nānā ʻia i ke kaʻina hana.

ʻO ka hui ʻana i ka PE a me ka EVA i kekahi ʻāpana hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke koʻikoʻi o ke kaiapuni;Hoʻohui ʻia me PP hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ka paʻakikī;Hoʻohui ʻia me ka PE o nā ʻano like ʻole, hiki ke hoʻoponopono i kona palupalu a me ka paʻakikī.

Ethylene - vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA)

ʻO ka EVA kahi ʻano thermoplastic me ka elastic e like me ka nuo rubber, ʻo kāna hana a me ka ʻike o ka vinyl acetate (VA) he pilina nui: ʻo ka liʻiliʻi o ka VA e like me ka polyethylene kiʻekiʻe, a ʻoi aku ka nui o ka VA e like me ka rubber.EVA nuo polyethylene puʻe kiʻekiʻe me ka haʻahaʻa VA haʻahaʻa, palupalu a maikaʻi ka ikaika hopena, kūpono no ka hana ʻana i nā mea hoʻohui.

Loaʻa i ka EVA ka elasticity maikaʻi a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ke kūʻokoʻa kemika, ka pale ʻana i ka wā, a me ka copolymerization LDPE, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi i ke kūʻē ʻana o ke kaiapuni o LDPE, ka hopena o ka hopena, ka paʻakikī a me ka pili ʻana ma waena o ka conductor a me ka insulation.

Tetrapolypropylene (PP)

ʻO ka umekaumaha kikoʻī o ka polypropylene he 0.89 a 0.91, ʻo ia ka mea liʻiliʻi loa i loko o nā plastik maʻamau.Loaʻa iā ia ka ikaika mechanical maikaʻi loa, ka wela palupalu kiʻekiʻe loa i ka resin thermoplastic, a me ke kūpaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa ʻelemakule.ʻO ke kūpaʻa o ka rotation optical wale nō ka ʻilihune, akā hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia e ka copolymerization me nā stabilizers.

ʻO nā waiwai maʻamau o ka polypropylene: ʻO ka hiʻohiʻona o PP ua like loa me HDPE, he paʻa waxy keʻokeʻo, ʻoi aku ka maopopo ma mua o ka PE, non-toxic, combustible a e hoʻomau i ke ahi ma hope o ke ahi, a hoʻokuʻu i ke ʻala o ka petroleum nuo.

Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka polyethylene, loaʻa i ka polypropylene nā ʻano like ʻole:

1, ʻoi aku ka paʻakikī o ka ʻili o ka PP ma mua o ka PE, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka pale ʻana a me ke kūlou ʻana o ka deformation, no laila ua ʻike ʻia ʻo PP ma ke ʻano he "plastic high density haʻahaʻa".

2, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka PP ma mua o ka PE ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi ʻē aʻe ʻaʻohe mea hoʻoweliweli koʻikoʻi kaiapuni.Eia nō naʻe, ma muli o ka maʻamau kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻolālā molekala PP, ʻilihune loa kāna hana hopena ma ka lumi wela a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa.

3, ʻO ka hana hoʻoheheʻe uila o PP: ʻO ka PP he mea polar ʻole, no laila aia kahi hoʻopili uila maikaʻi.

Ua like like kona insulation uila me LDPE, a ʻaʻole hoʻololi i kahi ākea ākea.Ma muli o kona haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa loa, ʻoi aku ka liʻiliʻi o ka dielectric mau ma mua o LDPE (ε = 2.0 ~ 2.5), dielectric loss Angle tangent he 0.0005 ~ 0.001, ka nui resistivity o 1014 ω.M, he kiʻekiʻe loa ka ikaika o ke kahua wāwahi, 30MV/m;Eia kekahi, liʻiliʻi loa ka hoʻopili wai, no laila hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ʻo PP e like me ke ʻano insulation kiʻekiʻe.

ʻElima mea polyester

Hōʻike ʻia kēia ʻano mea e ka modulus kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa waimaka kiʻekiʻe, ke kūpaʻa ʻaʻahu kiʻekiʻe, ka elasticity kiʻekiʻe a me ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa, ʻo ka palena kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana kūpono ʻo 1500C, ʻoi aku ka nui ma mua o nā ʻāpana thermoplastic ʻē aʻe, akā loaʻa nō hoʻi ke kūpaʻa aila maikaʻi loa, ka pale pale. hiʻona.